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# Purak Asia

Dialogue-Action-Impact

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://purakasia.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Garmi se Behal? Chalo Nepal Nepal ka Tarai or mid valleys ka kya haal?](https://purakasia.org/garmi-se-behal-chalo-nepal-nepal-ka-tarai-or-mid-valleys-ka-kya-haal/) - Garmi se Behal?Chalo NepalNepal ka Tarai or mid valleys ka kya haal? Ajaya Dixit Across the countries in the Northern Hemisphere in 2023 high temperatures and heat domes scorched cities. Governments issued heat warnings and in cities of Global North, many went to cooling centers for respite. Heat stress and stroke led to deaths. These
- [Indigenous knowledge and innovation: key to sustainable future](https://purakasia.org/indigenous-knowledge-and-innovation-key-to-sustainable-future/) - A key relationship and interconnectedness between humans and nature have been emphasized in every conservation conversation or key international agreement. The relationship can be categorized into various spectra but one of the most important parts is the coexistence in harmony. Sustainability is one of the biggest lessons humans can learn from Nature. Thus, the knowledge
- [What matters to Gen Zers](https://purakasia.org/what-matters-to-gen-zers/) - In this modern and rapidly growing world, we, the human civilization are at our best comfort! Everything is so easy! Just a click away! Isn’t this the perfect world? Isn’t this the generation that our forefathers could only wish for? Just like life that isn’t perfect, there is something that isn’t so right about this
- [From Carelessness to Consciousness: A Journey Towards a Sustainable Nepal](https://purakasia.org/from-carelessness-to-consciousness-a-journey-towards-a-sustainable-nepal/) - As a young and educated youth, I am a firm believer that sustainability must be one of the top-most priorities of our nation. Nepal is a country which is known for its rich cultural heritage and absolutely breath-taking natural beauty blessed with an abundance of resources. Nevertheless, it is quite disheartening to witness rapid urbanization
- [Lighting many lamps of possibility](https://purakasia.org/lighting-many-lamps-of-possibility/) - A desperate desire to solve the problems affecting people in my community brought me into politics. Even as a young man, I felt the need to serve my village, the community of people who live here, and bring about a new dawn for everyone. That must be the dream which brought me into politics. While most people of my age said that they ‘hate politics’ and that they ‘would never join politics’, I became involved in politics. Consequently, now I serve the people as their representative, provide them leadership.
- [आर्थिक अवसर, लगानी र रोजगारीप्रति नागरिक दृष्टिकोण, २०८२](https://purakasia.org/citizens-survey-on-opportunity-investment-and-employment-2082/) - आर्थिक अवसर, लगानी र रोजगारीप्रति नागरिक दृष्टिकोण, २०८२ This publication offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of perspectives on economic opportunities, investment, and employment across Madhesh Province, Lumbini Province, and the Kathmandu Valley. Drawing on responses from 1426 participants, it provides an in-depth analysis of respondents’ views on the environment for employment and entrepreneurship, their hopes
- [From Dissenter and Dreamer to Deliverer](https://purakasia.org/from-dissenter-and-dreamer-to-deliverer/) - Balendra Shah's rise to Nepal's Prime Minister marks a momentous shift in the nation's socio-political landscape.
- [Nepal 2026 Election Results: A  Mandate for Good Governance and Anti-Corruption](https://purakasia.org/nepal-2026-election-results-a-mandate-for-good-governance-and-anti-corruption/) - The 2026 General Election in Nepal represents a definitive transition in the nation’s two-decade political history, serving as a structural reset following the Gen Z movement of September 2025.
- [Nepal Election 2026: Party Affiliation vs. Leadership Affection](https://purakasia.org/nepal-election-2026-party-affiliation-vs-leadership-affection/) - Prem Darshan Sapkota and Srishti Adhikari For decades, Nepali politics was ruled through institutional affiliation. In the post Panchayat era and the subsequent people’s movements, party identity was anchored in ideology and proximity to local and central leadership. Political socialization occurred through traditional ways such as student unions, school teachers, local cadres, and later, mass
- [Fact Sheet on Nepal Elections 2026](https://purakasia.org/fact-sheet-on-nepal-elections-2026/) - Prem Darshan Sapkota, Ujjwal Prajapati and Srishti Adhikari Debates on the candidates’ profiles have dominated both mainstream and social media in the run up to the elections in Nepal. The upcoming election, announced on the heels of the September 2025 Gen Z protests, is different not just because the sitting parliament was yet to complete
- [Nepal's Electoral Crossroads: Demanding Disruption, Expecting Stability](https://purakasia.org/nepals-electoral-crossroads-demanding-disruption-expecting-stability/) - Prem Darshan Sapkota and Srishti Adhikari The theory of disruptive innovation was introduced by Clayton Chtistensen, a Harvard Business School professor in 1997 (Christensen, 1997). His argument was simple but powerful: small, overlooked challengers can defeat powerful incumbents not by copying them, but by being “different enough” to serve those the incumbents ignore. This argument
- [Elections And Democracy In Nepal](https://purakasia.org/elections-and-democracy-in-nepal/) - This publication is the first of the occasional paper series of Purak Asia. It offers a comparative view on the progress made or the lack thereof in the four subsequent elections in the last 14 years in Nepal. The writers use the five pillar interactive election framework on the two elections for the Constituent Assembly
- [Youth’s Choice: Corruption Control, Economic Opportunities and Accountable Leadership](https://purakasia.org/youths-choice-corruption-control-economic-opportunities-and-accountable-leadership/) - Nepal’s major movements in the past were mainly focused on political rights and socio- economic issues. The recent Gen-Z movement was different in that it was initiated against the cycle of corruption and nepotism. Movements in general are great at prioritizing certain issues but in prioritizing some, a lot of the other issues are often sidelined particularly during the post- movement transition.
- [New Leadership Conversation](https://purakasia.org/new-leadership-conversation/) - Vibrant debates and renewed party processes around political leadership have been among the defining impacts of the Gen Z protests.– Prem Darshan Sapkota and Srishti Adhikari9th December 2025The September Gen Z protests, initiated as a call for anti-corruption, have ignited broader national conversation on political leadership. The most evident impact of the protests has been
- [Connected but Fragmented: The State of Internet Governance in Nepal](https://purakasia.org/connected-but-fragmented-the-state-of-internet-governance-in-nepal/) - Connected but Fragmented: The State of Internet Governance in Nepal This publication is an occasional paper of Purak Asia. It presents findings from study into the current state of Nepal’s internet governance ecosystem. It identifies key actors, their roles in policy making and impact, and interrelations between these actors. This report seeks to understand the
- [Gen Z Uprising and Internal Power Bloc Interests](https://purakasia.org/gen-z-uprising-and-internal-power-bloc-interests/) - – Prem Darshan Sapkota and Srishti Adhikari26th September 2025In response to the two days of Gen Z led protests, Nepal appointed Sushila Karki as Prime Minister of the interim government on September 12, entrusting her with conducting elections following the dissolution of the House of Representatives. Her appointment marks the third instance within the past
- [Understanding Misinformation in Nepal: Expert Views on Definitions, Determinants, Solutions and Way Forward](https://purakasia.org/understanding-misinformation-in-nepal-expert-views-on-definitions-determinants-solutions-and-way-forward/) - Understanding Misinformation in Nepal: Expert Views on Definitions, Determinants, Solutions and Way Forward This occasional paper by Purak Asia explores how experts in Nepal define and interpret misinformation, why people believe and share it, and what interventions may work to counter its spread. Based on insights from a nationwide survey of journalists, policymakers, legal experts,
- [Identifying the Challenges in Policy-Making in Madhesh Province](https://purakasia.org/identifying-the-challenges-in-policy-making-in-madhesh-province/) - On December 11, 2024, a discussion program was held in Birgunj, Madhesh Province, bringing together elected representatives, legal experts, and civil society leaders. The program aimed to explore the public policy, and civic engagement challenges faced by the people of Madhesh and to identify effective ways for representatives and legislative processes to address local issues. The
- [Fundamental Rights and Their Implementation](https://purakasia.org/fundamental-rights-and-their-implementation/) - On December 14, 2024 in Kathmandu, the Nepal Legislative Academy (NLA) and Purak Asia held a discussion program to review the provisions of fundamental rights in Nepal’s constitution and how well they are being put into practice. With Nepal nearing the 10th anniversary of its constitution’s promulgation, the program aimed to engage parliamentarians and stakeholders
- [ECO-BRICK: Solid Steps to a Cleaner Planet](https://purakasia.org/eco-brick-solid-steps-to-a-cleaner-planet/) - Kanchanrup Municipality, located in Madhesh Province, is facing an escalating environmental crisis due to the accumulation of non-biodegradable waste, particularly plastics. Like many developing urban areas, the municipality’s waste management infrastructure struggles to keep pace with the growing volume and complexity of waste its residents generates. Among the most concerning aspects of this crisis is
- [Mapping the Shifting Trends of Youth Initiatives and Movement in Nepal](https://purakasia.org/mapping-the-shifting-trends-of-youth-initiatives-and-movement-in-nepal/) - This study explores how the younger generations in the provinces of Gandaki, Lumbini, and Madhesh engage with evolving social, political, and economic opportunities. Young people constitute approximately 20.8% of Nepal’s population, with around 40% of them under the age of 18. As digital transformation reshapes business landscapes and enhances social activism and political participation, experiences
- [Climate, Me, Biochar, and Pyro Pulse](https://purakasia.org/climate-me-biochar-and-pyro-pulse/) - I have always tied my aspiration to solving climate change through my business ideas. This is where Pyro Pulse was born. Pyro Pulse is an enterprise with the idea to burn biomass and turn it into biochar. Initially, I was disturbed by this concept. How could burning biomass help prevent the climate crisis when it
- [Empowering Sustainable Agriculture: My Journey with Fungal Extract Decomposers in Barbardiya Municipality](https://purakasia.org/empowering-sustainable-agriculture-my-journey-with-fungal-extract-decomposers-in-barbardiya-municipality/) - My journey in Barbardiya Municipality, Nepal, was a deeply transformative experience where we introduced fungal extract decomposers to manage crop stubble, fostering eco-friendly farming practices. This initiative not only enriched my understanding of sustainable agriculture but also provided valuable lessons in community engagement and resilience.The journey began with collaborations that laid a strong foundation for
- [Towards an inclusive Nepal](https://purakasia.org/towards-an-inclusive-nepal/) - In Nepali society, a child of the inter-caste marriage is often termed as ‘thimaha’ which loosely translates as ‘hybrid’ or ‘of different sects’. Nevertheless, following the dictates of patriarchy, the essence of hybridity is lost as the s/he will take on the father's surname. The offspring becomes a member of the father’s community even though in many cases, as in my own experience, see the major influence of the mother's community’s culture in that child's everyday life.
- [Social Justice: Only Tears and Hope](https://purakasia.org/social-justice-only-tears-and-hope/) - For the mothers of those killed in the Rukum West massacre, Nabaraj BK, and his friends, social justice has died in Nepal. They lament – 'only tears and hope remain.' It is also the same with the mothers of Angira Pasi, Sundar Harijan, and Bijaya Ram Chamar – all killed by the never-ending caste violence.
- [Inclusive Nepal](https://purakasia.org/inclusive-nepal/) - Majority of marginalized group are facing complex and interconnected crises of humanitarian disparity today, including the shocks resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, crises in climate change, all pose humanitarian challenges an unprecedented economic crisis which is not only in the Nepalese circumstances however to the global arena.
- [Inclusion: A social justice issue](https://purakasia.org/inclusion-a-social-justice-issue/) - A powerful global narrative has been forming over the past few years – I (we) represent myself (ourselves). Voices demanding equal share in every structure and process of the state, in the benefits and services available to the citizen, and in development building processes and their dividends have become more and more intensive. The issues of inclusion and proportional representation have reached the citizens at the grassroots level. The essence of this debate is, ‘participation in proportion to population’. And this is also the most important social justice issue, of great relevance and concern.
- [Disability, and the poor implementation of inclusive policies](https://purakasia.org/disability-and-the-poor-implementation-of-inclusive-policies/) - The recent census shows that 2.2 percent of the population of Nepal lives with some form of disability. Of the total Nepali population of 29, 164,578, a total of 657,782 persons have one or more types of disability. Among women, 2 percent live with disability, while among the male population this figure stands at 2.5 percent.
- [A stranger in my own land](https://purakasia.org/a-stranger-in-my-own-land/) - I have the experience of having to sit at the farthest bench in the classroom during my first days in school. The reason – I didn’t know how to speak in Nepali. I would sit quietly through the day, not speaking with the teachers, because I didn’t know how to speak in Nepali. I was little – I didn’t yet know what discrimination meant. I had no notion about exclusion. But I still remember clearly the discrimination which I experienced then.
- [From Ambitions to Actions: Leveraging Investments for climate actions](https://purakasia.org/from-ambitions-to-actions-leveraging-investments-for-climate-actions/) - People all over the world are being hit by the reality of climate change, and Nepal is no exception. The Global Climate Risk Index indicates that between 2000 and 2019, Nepal is the tenth (10th) country most affected by the impacts of climate extreme events. Estimates suggest the economic cost of climate change to Nepal at around 1.5 to 2 percent of GDP which can jump to 2 to 3 percent. For a low-income country like Nepal, the loss of life, personal hardship and existential threat is much more widespread due to low resilience capacity. Moreover, women, poor and marginalized communities are disproportionately affected. With the increasing impacts of climate change on lives and livelihoods, it is important and urgent to deal with climate change, thus leveraging investments for climate actions is the key.
- [Environmental Social and Governance - Roadmap to Sustainability](https://purakasia.org/environmental-social-and-governance-roadmap-to-sustainability/) - Nepal has committed an ambitious goal to increase forest coverage to 45% by 203 and achieve Net Zero status by 2045 in the recently held Conference of the Parties (COP 26), even though the Net Zero target is aimed for 2050 globally. Though Nepal emits only 0.1% of global greenhouse gas emissions, the country’s GHG emissions has increased by 119% from 1971 to 2018 . Agriculture is the major contributor of greenhouse gases (GHG) in Nepal with 50%, followed by energy (30%), land-use change and forestry (15%), industrial processes (3.6%), and waste (1.9%) . However, Nepal is at risk of losing 2.2% of its GDP due to climate change by 2050, and warming expected to increase by 1.2°C–4.2°C by 2080 using the highest emission scenario .
- [Party Polarization and the Influence of External Power: An Awkward Complexity in Nepal](https://purakasia.org/party-polarization-and-the-influence-of-external-power-an-awkward-complexity-in-nepal/) - International relations for many scholars and experts profoundly build on the political thought process of the great power. Accordingly, the international environment and its outcome perpetually centre on the relationship between the great powers. In this line, scholars like Waltz , Fox , Handel , and Goldmann argue that the behaviour of the small powers, amongst other factors, is highly influenced by the nature of the interaction between the great powers. As such, it can not only influence the foreign policy behaviour of the small powers but also promote party polarization. Whenever the tension between the great powers is high, they contest to retain more influence over the small powers and in doing so, the small powers often get stuck in a quagmire of uncertainty. The ongoing trade war between the U.S and China best explains the anomaly of the small powers in the changing world order. The rising insecurity of the United States against China’s growing economic and military modernization has prompted the former to formulate active foreign policy toward the countries in China’s periphery. Accordingly, it has heightened the insecurity of the small powers over securing their political autonomy vis-à-vis the tension between the great powers.
- ['Youths must work for youths'](https://purakasia.org/youths-must-work-for-youths/) - My family was always in politics, so I had always wanted to be involved, to become a politician. But I had no idea that I would be involved so early. The people have put their trust in me and made me their leader. I have to protect the people’s trust in a new generation of leadership. I was only 21 years old when I was elected as the chairperson of my rural municipality. I matriculated from the Indian Public School in Dehradun, and I have a BBA from Patna University.
- [IS ANYONE LISTENING?](https://purakasia.org/is-anyone-listening/) - She follows me everywhere. Every day, on my Sajha bus ride back home from college, she creeps behind me almost like a shadow. No one knows my name in my English class, but she does. On the weekends when I laze around my bed on Tiktok, she annoyingly lays right next to me. As I slide into my bed for a slumber, she tugs on my blanket. She tags along uninvited when I hang out with my friends in cute cafes in Durbar Marg. Every Kapil Sharma binge session with my family is inevitably followed by her freakishly loud laughter. After all, she is my stalker and my best friend.
- [Human-Centric Roads for Inclusive Progress  ](https://purakasia.org/human-centric-roads-for-inclusive-progress/) - When I was young, our small family lived in a rented house in Bhimsensthan, in the heart of Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. By the time I was in class two, we had moved from Bhimsensthan to the suburb of Koteshwar. Koteshwar was a mixed settlement of old and new parts with open spaces and
- [Aspects of Nepal’s practice of social inclusion and reform](https://purakasia.org/aspects-of-nepals-practice-of-social-inclusion-and-reform/) - No discrimination between people or difference in their lifestyles is found during the early epochs of human social development. As societies developed, divisions appeared between people. The human division that began initially on the basis of work and functions, necessary for the regulation of society, slowly transformed into exploitative and unequal relationships like upper class and lower class, lenders and borrowers, owners and slaves, upper-castes and untouchables, and rulers and subjects. Eventually, the resources and decision-making powers in a nation became concentrated among a certain caste or group. It is a travesty that this practice continues to find place in the present republican system of governance. Although sporadic voices of protest against discrimination were raised during the Panchayat and Rana regimes, such voices were oppressed and punished. Voices against inequality and discrimination united and organized especially along with the movement against the Panchayat regime.
- [A new generation in politics](https://purakasia.org/a-new-generation-in-politics/) - The youths have spent every effort, with great clarity and enthusiasm, to become the bearers of change in the past decade. The success of the 2006 People’s Movement and the gains made thereafter have remained confined on paper, rather than transforming the lives of the people – therefore, in order to ensure the implementation of those gains and to attain newer achievements, the youths of the country have been taking to the streets regularly. These times required the revolution to be taken not only to the streets, but also to social media.
- [Farming 2.0: A New Era of Data-Driven Agricultural Solutions](https://purakasia.org/farming-2-0-a-new-era-of-data-driven-agricultural-solutions/) - Nisdi Rural Municipality isn’t just a place to me; it’s a community I deeply care about. Growing up nearby, I saw how tirelessly farmers worked in their fields, only to face unpredictable market prices that undervalued their hard work. These struggles left a lasting impression on me and became the driving force behind my efforts
- [Reviving Tradition, Empowering Communities: The Journey of Project Loofah](https://purakasia.org/reviving-tradition-empowering-communities-the-journey-of-project-loofah/) - Opportunities often arrive unexpectedly, and Project Loofah was a delightful surprise. It all began with an Instagram video showcasing natural body scrubs made from dried sponge gourds—in Nepali, Ghiraula—a vegetable my grandmother often used in her daily life. Seeing it being repurposed and sold as loofahs worldwide fascinated me. For our generation, this traditional practice
- [Empowering Women Farmers: The Success Story of EcoGreen Vermicompost](https://purakasia.org/empowering-women-farmers-the-success-story-of-ecogreen-vermicompost/) - In Machhapuchhre Rural Municipality, women farmers are taking charge of their agricultural practices with the support of the EcoGreen Vermicompost project. The initiative, which began with main aim to teach women how to produce vermicompost from organic waste, improving soil health and promoting sustainable farming. In June, I came across the Youth Action Fund call
- [Kishan Connect: Empowering Farmers with Knowledge and Markets](https://purakasia.org/kishan-connect-empowering-farmers-with-knowledge-and-markets/) - Agriculture is not just a livelihood for farmers in Simraungadh, Baragadhi, Mahagadhimai, and Bindabasini; it is a way of existence. I have grown up seeing these hardworking people struggle with fluctuating market prices, a lack of information, and dependency on middlemen who mostly dictate their earnings. These challenges thus stirred my desire to act and
- [Transforming Waste to Wealth: The Banana Fiber Revolution in Bhimad-5](https://purakasia.org/transforming-waste-to-wealth-the-banana-fiber-revolution-in-bhimad-5/) - Banana is one of the major cash crops in Bhimad-5, providing a livelihood for many farmers. However, traditional farming practices in the region have overlooked the potential of banana pseudostems, often allowing them to decompose and emit harmful greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide. Recognizing this environmental challenge and the untapped potential of banana
- [Nepal and the World](https://purakasia.org/nepal-and-the-world/) - Despite the hardships and challenges it faces, Nepal is striving to make economic progress and present itself in a dignified manner in the world. In recent years, Nepal has made significant gains in reducing poverty, and human and social indicators, raising the living standards of its people.
- [Nepal’s Potential in Asia](https://purakasia.org/nepals-potential-in-asia/) - Nepal shares cordial relations with its immediate neighbors and others across the region. However, we have border issues with India and relations with other countries are limited to basic diplomatic relations. In order to resolve existing issues and develop mutually beneficial relationships across the region, we require visionary leadership from people in positions of power and influence. While the border issues with India require bilateral dialogue and historical evidence based persuasion tactics, better relationship across the region require proactive high level state visits intended to further both national and regional interest. The leaders on both sides of our border have provided ample examples of such practices.
- [Inclusive Nepal: A mother’s lens](https://purakasia.org/inclusive-nepal-a-mothers-lens/) - Nepal Population Report 2078 B.S. shows total population of Nepal is 2,91,64,578, out of which a total of 2.2% are recorded to be persons with disabilities. I am not sure if my child is included in this number. I was not at home when the enumerators came and those present at home do not recall being asked about disability in our household. And, it has only been two weeks since he received his type A red disability card issued by the State for completely dependent people with disabilities.
- [Purak Asia: A Place and Platform](https://purakasia.org/purak-asia-a-place-and-platform/) - Amidst escalating world tensions, including in Asia, the word ‘regionalism’ has lost currency. If at all, the term is understood as referring to military or strategic alliances among nation-states, whereas the more sedate meaning would be a coming together of countries in amity and cooperation. Regionalism in the Southasian subcontinent is drastically weakened as the frontiers become rigid with barbed wire and guard posts; and in the larger Asia, the storm clouds are amassing as the big powers estranged and building antagonistic alliances.
- [WHAT IT TAKES FOR AN ORGANIZATION TO EVOLVE?](https://purakasia.org/what-it-takes-for-an-organization-to-evolve/) - Disillusionment with the mainstream media is not bad in and of itself. There are legitimate reasons to be skeptical of what the mainstream media reports but this should not mean an abandonment of what makes journalism truthful. The process of journalism is one that goes through numerous gatekeepers, from reporter to desk editor to copy editor to finally the chief editor. All of these people are held responsible when something goes wrong. By subscribing wholly to social media news pages, the process of journalism loses relevance and value, leading to a generation that is no longer aware of what form misinformation can take and how to counteract it.
- [Localizing SDG goal 16 – Institutionalizing the Disable Friendly Governance Indicators](https://purakasia.org/localizing-sdg-goal-16-institutionalizing-the-disable-friendly-governance-indicators/) - Through its community paralegals, the Disability Empowerment Centre (DEC Nepal) received a report of violence against a woman with a disability in February 2014. The victims and their families were taken to the Naubasta Municipality police station, but regrettably, the victim herself was unable to get there because of the office's inaccessible physical infrastructure. Following an investigation, DEC Nepal found that Banke's people with disabilities (PwDs) faced a variety of barriers to acquiring public services, including inaccessible infrastructure, services, roadways, and discriminatory attitudes from service providers.
- [A Decade of Relentless Youth Political Activism](https://purakasia.org/a-decade-of-relentless-youth-political-activism/) - It was a cold and crisp December morning in 2014 and a group of youngsters stood nervously huddled together near Baneshwor Chowk in Kathmandu, a bustling area known for protests and demonstrations. However, today they were not there to join a demonstration but rather to attend a meeting with 15 Constituent Assembly Members at The Everest Hotel. For many of them, it was their first time meeting such high-level politicians, and the weight of the occasion was palpable in the air. Despite their apprehensions, the young people were determined to make their voices heard.
- [Community Advocacy for Claiming Rights](https://purakasia.org/community-advocacy-for-claiming-rights/) - For many years, people with disabilities (PwDs) have endured the burden of stigma and discrimination within their families and society, a lingering curse of the past. Family members have often felt hesitant to acknowledge the presence of disability within their households, resulting in years of confinement for individuals with disabilities. Furthermore, these individuals face numerous barriers in their daily lives, such as limited access to public services, the need to overcome violence and discrimination, and hindrance to efforts to be a part of society with dignity.
- [Nepal can become a multidimensional centre](https://purakasia.org/nepal-can-become-a-multidimensional-centre/) - There are mainly four groups of people who live in Nepal. One – those who arrived directly from Africa and settled in the Tarai, the ‘dark-skinned’ groups like the Tharus and the Danuwar. From Burma arrived Tibetan groups like the Rai, Limbu, Magar, etc. Another group is the Khas-Arya community which came from Central Asia. And the Aryas living in the plains who we call the Madheshis. Thus, there are four main ethnic clusters. Because of the intermingling between them, there is also a large section of people of Tibetan descent. There are others, of the Indo-European language group, etc. Therefore, also from the perspective of mixed ethnicities, we have a unique identity. It is neither like that of South Asia, nor like the Chinese civilization.
- [Heads Down, Time’s up](https://purakasia.org/heads-down-times-up/) - Dopamine, a chemical produced in our brain that is associated with happiness. Dopamine usually gets released when we experience happiness, when we get rewarded or when we get surprised. Multiple research has shown that dopamine is the chemical responsible for “seeking” behavior among human beings. Dopamine is the thing that makes human beings wanting and searching for pleasure. This chemical can also contribute to addiction, as it fuels the constant pursuit of gratification.
- [Policy Investment in Youth: Need of the Hour](https://purakasia.org/policy-investment-in-youth-need-of-the-hour/) - While universities globally are considered a space to produce skilled human resources, accelerate innovation, and enhance the industries of the nation, Nepali university education has merely become just another box to check after high school. Even research or thesis papers can be bought proving that research in Nepali universities is just a subject to pass, rather than a scientific skill leading to innovation in different fronts. There is a clear lack of connection between the academic and innovation sector in Nepal, which already shows how educated human resource is not translated into developing forces of the country. With a lack of government policies dedicated to enhancing educational experience, encouraging research or establishing science parks within or working closely with the industries, there is a lack of incentive to invest time and energy in research that has no innovative impact.
- [Small Countries with Big Voices: Nepal in Asia and the World](https://purakasia.org/small-countries-with-big-voices-nepal-in-asia-and-the-world/) - It appears there are two set of rules – double standards – when it comes to human rights, and inter-state trade and commerce. The theoretical premise of the “sovereign equality” of all nations goes out the window when the vested interests of the rich and powerful nations collide with those of the poor and the weak. The same applies in the private sector when large transnational corporations spread their wings in low and middle income countries.
- [Uniquely positioned to be a leader on climate change](https://purakasia.org/uniquely-positioned-to-be-a-leader-on-climate-change/) - If science is to be believed we live on a 1.1 degrees warmer planet than pre- industrial era humans had lived. And it's us who did it. More importantly, temperature rise is two times faster in Asia than the global average. In the Himalayas—the tallest mountain range (our home) on earth, the temperature rise is above global average. In numbers, even if global warming is limited to 1.5 degrees, our mountains will be at least 0.3 degrees warmer.
- [Arresting the slide towards misinformation](https://purakasia.org/arresting-the-slide-towards-misinformation/) - Disillusionment with the mainstream media is not bad in and of itself. There are legitimate reasons to be skeptical of what the mainstream media reports but this should not mean an abandonment of what makes journalism truthful. The process of journalism is one that goes through numerous gatekeepers, from reporter to desk editor to copy editor to finally the chief editor. All of these people are held responsible when something goes wrong. By subscribing wholly to social media news pages, the process of journalism loses relevance and value, leading to a generation that is no longer aware of what form misinformation can take and how to counteract it.
- [The unsustainable ‘sustainability’](https://purakasia.org/the-unsustainable-sustainability/) - Environment conservation has been the talk of the 21st century, with conservation successes hailed across the globe. Afterall, environment conservation in one part of the world benefits the humanity’s march towards a sustainable future. Most importantly, environment conservation is what gives us the best hope for a sustainable future.

## Pages

- [Home](https://purakasia.org/) - POLITICAL ANALYSIS SOLUTION-LED POLICY ANALYSIS BUILDING CO-CREATION SPACES EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE FRONTIERS Purak Asia Purak is an initiative to bring together thoughtful people of Asia and beyond for meaningful exchange that yield results in the form of calls to action through initiatives, movements and publications that arouse opinion-makers and alert the public. Purak Asia is an
- [Publications](https://purakasia.org/publications/) - Citizens Survey on Opportunity, Investment and Employment 2082 This publication offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of perspectives on economic opportunities, investment, and employment across Madhesh Province, Lumbini Province, and the Kathmandu Valley. Drawing on responses from 1426 participants, it provides an in-depth analysis of respondents’ views on the environment for employment and entrepreneurship, their hopes
- [Voices and Vision](https://purakasia.org/voices-and-vision/) - Naya Niti Naya Thiti- Kasari? पब्लिकलाई थाहै नहुने नीति कसरी ‘Public Policy’ भयो? Naya Niti, Naya Thiti; Kasari!? नयाँ सरकार र नेपालको भविष्य: रास्वपा र गलोपाका युवा नेताहरूबीचको वार्ता AI को जमानामा अझै Photocopy?! | Digital First नीति; कसरी बस्छ थिति ? दलको ‘क्याडर’ कि विद्यार्थीको ‘लिडर’? | नयाँ नीति नयाँ थिति; कसरी? Gen Z
- [Home - Copy](https://purakasia.org/home-copy/) - POLITICAL ANALYSIS SOLUTION-LED POLICY ANALYSIS BUILDING CO-CREATION SPACES EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE FRONTIERS Purak Asia Purak is an initiative to bring together thoughtful people of Asia and beyond for meaningful exchange that yield results in the form of calls to action through initiatives, movements and publications that arouse opinion-makers and alert the public. Purak Asia is an
- [Who we are](https://purakasia.org/who-we-are/) - WHERE WE STARTED Our roots go back to 2006 when Nepal witnessed significant social and political changes following the ten-year-long Maoist insurgency. Against this backdrop, the Alliance for Social Dialogue (ASD) was established in 2007 as a virtual advisory board, bringing together diverse voices to debate and discuss ways to build a new, free, open
- [Youth’s Choice: CorruptionControl, Economic Opportunitiesand Accountable Leadership](https://purakasia.org/youths-choice-corruptioncontrol-economic-opportunitiesand-accountable-leadership/)
- [Political Analysis](https://purakasia.org/political-analysis/) - From Dissenter and Dreamer to Deliverer March 31, 2026| Political Analysis Balendra Shah's rise to Nepal's Prime Minister marks a momentous shift in the nation's socio-political landscape.... Read More → From Dissenter and Dreamer to Deliverer Nepal 2026 Election Results: A Mandate for Good Governance and Anti-Corruption March 31, 2026| Political Analysis The 2026 General
- [Purak Conversations](https://purakasia.org/purak-conversations/) - Fundamental Rights and Their Implementation February 27, 2025| Events On December 14, 2024 in Kathmandu, the Nepal Legislative Academy (NLA) and Purak Asia held a discussion program to review the provisions of... Read More → Fundamental Rights and Their Implementation Identifying the Challenges in Policy-Making in Madhesh Province February 27, 2025| Events On December 11,
- [Strategic Litigation Lab](https://purakasia.org/strategic-litigation-lab/) - In South Asia, strategic litigation has become a potent instrument for addressing human rights violations, especially in light of the rise of political intolerance and populism. It contributes significantly to advancing socioeconomic justice and defending marginalized and vulnerable communities by utilizing the force of the law and independent judicial examination. With an emphasis on Nepal
- [Our Focus](https://purakasia.org/our-focus/) - Democracy and Governance The credibility of any democratic system is derived from the participation and representation of all citizens in related processes and institutions. Assuring that all voices are heard and that minorities are protected requires the inclusion of representative voices from all communities in the deliberative processes. Therefore, we work to ensure that all
- [Our Work](https://purakasia.org/our-work/) - We strive to be the ‘purak’ or the element that completes the lifecycle of social change across dialogue, action, and impact. We integrate knowledge and on-ground perspectives, leveraging available resources and relationships, to create relevant solutions for civil issues and a lasting impact on society. Our endeavors aim to bring multiple stakeholders together to co-create
- [Blogs](https://purakasia.org/blogs/) - ECO-BRICK: Solid Steps to a Cleaner Planet April 2, 2025| Youth Action Fund Kanchanrup Municipality, located in Madhesh Province, is facing an escalating environmental crisis due to the accumulation of... Read More → ECO-BRICK: Solid Steps to a Cleaner Planet Empowering Sustainable Agriculture: My Journey with Fungal Extract Decomposers in Barbardiya Municipality January 21, 2025|
- [Impressions](https://purakasia.org/impressions/) - A Decade of Relentless Youth Political Activism May 31, 2023| Impressions It was a cold and crisp December morning in 2014 and a group of youngsters stood nervously huddled together near Baneshwor Chowk in... Read More → A Decade of Relentless Youth Political Activism Community Advocacy for Claiming Rights May 31, 2023| Impressions For many
- [Contact Us](https://purakasia.org/contact-us/) - Contact Us Want to connect with us or have question to ask, feel free to send us a message below, we will do our best to respond to you as soon as possible. Let's Chat!
- [Insights](https://purakasia.org/insights/) - When we say "the heart of west", fine arts, culture and recreation is what we mean. Whether it is World Class art, opera and ballet or just an escape to the zoo, the City has a lot to offer. These sections cover the many opportunities to learn and experience more about the spirit, culture and

## My Templates

- [single-page-blog](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=single-page-blog) - Garmi se Behal?Chalo NepalNepal ka Tarai or mid valleys ka kya haal? Ajaya Dixit Across the countries in the Northern Hemisphere in 2023 high temperatures and heat domes scorched cities. Governments issued heat warnings and in cities of Global North, many went to cooling centers for respite. Heat stress and stroke led to deaths. These
- [Default Kit](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=default-kit)
- [citygov-homepage](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-homepage) - [eleslider] Departments & Facility Hours Access City’s service offerings and check hours for all facilities. Traffic, Transit & Parking Traffic and road closure news and local traffic conditions Employment & Job Listings The City employment opportunities & position descriptions are listed here. Parks, Fields & Recreation Information on the parks, their locations, and the amenities
- [citygov-administration](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-administration) - Lisa F. Matt Mayor (000) 498 754 5422 mayor@townofpine.com Facebook Twitter Whatsapp Donald F. Matt Auditor (000) 498 754 5425 audit@townofpine.com Facebook Twitter Whatsapp Yelp Cathy Ewing Councilor, District 1 (000) 498 754 5427 district1@townofpine.com Facebook Whatsapp WordPress Richard Henderson Councilor, District 1 (000) 498 754 5428 district2@townofpine.com Facebook Twitter Whatsapp Snapchat Lisa Ross Councilor,
- [demo-hub](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=demo-hub) - CityGov City Government & Municipal WordPress Theme View Demos See Features or Purchase Theme $54 A modern municipality theme. Create a visually beautiful city/town website. Developed for easy-to-use experience. For any small town websites. Versatile, lightweight & flexible WordPress theme. No coding required. Pre-Built Demos with One-Click Installation. Check these beautiful demos! All demos are
- [citygov-landing](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-landing) - View Demos See Features or Purchase Theme $54 A modern municipality theme. Create a visually beautiful city, town or donation website.Versatile, lightweight & flexible WordPress theme. No coding required.Pre-Built Demos with One-Click Installation. 3 Check these beautiful demos! All demos are included in the CityGov theme and are installable with a single click. Default Demo
- [citygov-about](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-about) - Office of the Mayor Building a Frisco City that works for every neighborhood with a focus on equity, opportunity, efficiency, and inclusion. . On January 4, 2018, Lisa F. Matt was sworn in as the 99th Mayor of Frisco. In his first budget, the Mayor worked closely with City Council to fund bold anti-poverty initiatives.
- [citygov-section-city-council](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-section-city-council) - Facebook Twitter Youtube John Moritz Auditor j.moritz@townofpine.com Aliquam non dolor tempus, eleifend erat, elementum diam. Egestas pretium cursus. Quisque posuere pulvinar tempor. Twitter Snapchat Linkedin Livia Richardson Deputy Majority audit@townofpine.com Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Xing Facebook Product-hunt Foursquare Ida A. Spoon
- [citygov-section-departments](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-section-departments-5) - Administrative Services The Administrative Services Department is responsible for the management of the procurement process, protection of the city’s physical assets and related support services for citizens and city operations. Read More Budget Office The Budget Office, a part of the Financial Services Department, is responsible for preparing and monitoring the City of Frisco’s Annual
- [citygov-section-departments-2](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-section-departments-2-2) - Administrative Services The Administrative Services Department is responsible for the management of the procurement process, protection of the city’s physical assets and related support services for citizens and city operations. Read More Budget Office The Budget Office, a part of the Financial Services Department, is responsible for preparing and monitoring the City of Frisco’s Annual
- [citygov-home](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-home) - [eleslider] Departments & Facility Hours Access City’s service offerings and check hours for all facilities. Traffic, Transit & Parking Traffic and road closure news and local traffic conditions Employment & Job Listings The City employment opportunities & position descriptions are listed here. Parks, Fields & Recreation Information on the parks, their locations, and the amenities
- [citygov-history](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-history-2) - The river terrace along the west bank of Willamette River downstream from the mouth of Oswego Creek was for thousands of years the home of Native Americans. A brief history of our city... 1841 In 1841, iron ore was discovered in the Tualatin Valley, but it was not until 1861 that its existence was an
- [citygov-goverment](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-goverment) - Mayor, City Council & City Departments . Our City operates under a Council-Manager form of government and has done so since 1932. The two major components to this system of government are the City Council; and a City Manager. The City Council is the legislative body, establishing City policies, while the City Manager is the
- [citygov-section-faqs](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-section-faqs) - Buildings Division I called in the complaint on the building; why was I summoned to a hearing? When you called in the complaint, you became the complaining witness in the enforcement action. At the hearing you have the opportunity to explain the circumstances which caused you to call in the complaint by providing testimony or
- [citygov-section-departments-3](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-section-departments-3-2) - Administrative Services The Administrative Services Department is responsible for the management of the procurement process, protection of the city’s physical assets and related support services for citizens and city operations. Read More Budget Office The Budget Office, a part of the Financial Services Department, is responsible for preparing and monitoring the City of Frisco’s Annual
- [citygov-history](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=citygov-history) - The river terrace along the west bank of Willamette River downstream from the mouth of Oswego Creek was for thousands of years the home of Native Americans. A brief history of our city... 1841 In 1841, iron ore was discovered in the Tualatin Valley, but it was not until 1861 that its existence was an
- [Default Kit](https://purakasia.org/?elementor_library=default-kit-2)

## Categories

- [Next Generation](https://purakasia.org/category/next-generation/)
- [Inclusive Nepal](https://purakasia.org/category/inclusive-nepal/)
- [Nepal in Asia](https://purakasia.org/category/nepal-in-asia/)
- [Sustainable Future](https://purakasia.org/category/sustainable-future/)
- [Impressions](https://purakasia.org/category/impressions/)
- [Events](https://purakasia.org/category/events/)
- [Youth Action Fund](https://purakasia.org/category/youth-action-fund/)
- [Publications](https://purakasia.org/category/publications/)
- [Political Analysis](https://purakasia.org/category/political-analysis/)

## Tags

- [Impressions](https://purakasia.org/tag/impressions/)
- [Blog](https://purakasia.org/tag/blog/)
- [Purak Conversations](https://purakasia.org/tag/purak-conversations/)